What safety requirements should residents of volcanic areas observe?

Volcanic eruption of volcanic mountains is a phenomenon that in addition to being beneficial to the environment can be very dangerous for the inhabitants of the adjacent mountains. Therefore, the residents of such areas should know exactly what safety measures to take when a volcano erupts or gas comes out of a mountain.

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What dangers threaten the inhabitants of the places near the volcano?

Volcanic mountains are formed by the accumulation of erupted molten material or volcanic ash, and molten material that is slowly or explosively thrown to the earth’s surface through a hollow channel at the top of the mountain due to the pressure of gases and molten rocks. , Lead to the eruption of volcanic mountains.
These eruptions contain molten lava, toxic gases, ash, projectile rocks, and pasty materials that can be hazardous.
Due to the high heat, molten lava can cause widespread fires and destroy everything in their path. Of course, the movement of this lava is so slow that people have the opportunity to escape.
Fresh volcanic ash is composed of powdered rock, which is an acidic, carbonated, dusty, foul-smelling, and erosive substance. Although this gas and ash is not dangerous for adults, but its inhalation can be a problem for children, the elderly and people with respiratory diseases.

What safety requirements should residents of volcanic areas observe?

• Avoid buying or building homes in areas with active volcanoes.
• Always prepare for immediate evacuation in case of emergency (there is little opportunity to evacuate when a volcano occurs)
• Immediately leave the area as instructed by the local authorities to avoid the dangers of severe explosions, throwing rocks and ashes around the mud stream and forming hot gases. (Danger zones around a volcano are approximately up to a radius of 30 km. Of course, in explosive eruptions, the danger of the volcano threatens hundreds of kilometers away)
• Wear long clothes to protect your skin from chemicals in volcanic ash
• Wear special glasses to prevent ash from entering the eyes
• Take refuge in a safe place and settle down until the volcanic ash settles or is blown to another area. Debris there leave the place immediately.
• As long as the volcanic ash is suspended in the air, do not leave the house that is not in the path of the volcano lava and block all doors, windows and ventilation ducts.
• Stay away from valleys and hollow areas when molten material erupts
• Carefully monitor the movement of volcanic mud and keep yourself and others away from very hot mud.
• Avoid driving in air soaked in volcanic ash, unless absolutely necessary. Because driving causes the volcanic ash to move, the speed must be less than 30 kilometers per hour. Be aware, ash can affect the moving parts of the car and the car engine and cause the car to stop and break down.

The deadliest volcanoes in the world

Vesuvius Volcano in Italy

The most famous eruption dates back to 79 AD, which destroyed the city of Pompeii and Herculaneum. Their total population is more than three million people.

Niragongo Volcano in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

In 2002, the lava lake erupted and a river of lava flowed at a speed of 60 kilometers per hour to the city of Goma, sinking parts of it to a depth of two meters. Fortunately, citizens were warned before the process began, and 300,000 people in the area were evacuated.

Popocateple Volcano in Mexico

Popo Volcano is usually active, and its most recent activity occurred in 2016, when it sent a mass of ash into the air up to a height of five kilometers. In recent times, the volcano’s activities have been limited to launching masses of ash into the sky, but these masses cover the entire surrounding mountains, which means that their combination with water creates a large stream of mud that flows at high speeds for miles. They follow the path.

Krakatoa Volcano in Indonesia

One of the most infamous volcanoes in history, which indirectly killed 36,000 people. The eruption of 1886 caused a massive tsunami that caused this natural disaster, ‌ the energy released from this eruption was 13,000 times more energy than the atomic bombs of Hiroshima. The eruption destroyed the entire volcanic island, but new islands were formed 50 years later.

Gang Bai Shan Volcano in China

The last eruption of this volcano occurred in 1903, however there are more scary stories than the history of its eruption. In 969 AD, the volcano created one of the largest eruptions of 10,000 years ago, sending three times as much material as it came out of Krakatoa in 1886. The hollow lake above the volcano is one of the main dangers facing the inhabitants around it, because if the lake is found to be leaking, خطر dangerous gullies will be created that will threaten the lives of 10,000 people.

There are several volcanic mountains in Iran, some of which are dormant and some of which are semi-active. However, if you live near such mountains, it is necessary to observe the above points. Please share your comments and suggestions with us at the end of this article.